Chapter social-responsibilities-of-business-and-business-ethics: Social Responsibilities of Business and Business Ethics Short Questions | business studies Class 11 CBSE

Chapter social-responsibilities-of-business-and-business-ethics: Social Responsibilities of Business and Business Ethics Short Questions | business studies Class 11 CBSE | ByteNotes.in

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Question 1

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What is social responsibility of business?

Social responsibility refers to the obligation of a business to take decisions and perform actions that are desirable in terms of the objectives and values of society.
It goes beyond legal compliance and includes voluntary actions for the benefit of society that are not mandated by law.
It recognises that business enterprises must respect the aspirations of society while pursuing their profit objectives.

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Question 2

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How is social responsibility different from legal responsibility?

Legal responsibility is fulfilled by mere compliance with laws enacted by the government, whereas social responsibility is broader and includes obligations not covered by law.
Social responsibility involves voluntary action on the part of business people for the benefit of society, which is not a requirement under legal responsibility.
While legal responsibility is compulsory, social responsibility goes beyond the minimum required by law and reflects a firm's recognition of its moral obligations to society.

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Question 3

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State any three arguments in favour of social responsibility of business.

Justification for existence and growth: Business exists to serve society, and its growth is possible only through continuous service to people.
Long-term interest of the firm: A business that serves society earns a better image and gains maximum profits in the long run through the cooperation of workers, consumers, and government.
Avoidance of government regulation: By voluntarily assuming social responsibilities, businesses can reduce the need for new government laws and thus preserve their freedom of operation.

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Question 4

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State any three arguments against social responsibility of business.

Violation of profit maximisation objective: Business exists only for profit maximisation and any diversion of resources toward social responsibility is against this primary objective.
Burden on consumers: The cost of social activities like pollution control is often shifted to consumers in the form of higher prices, which is unfair.
Lack of social skills: Businessmen do not have the necessary understanding and training to solve social problems, which should be left to specialised social agencies.

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Question 5

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What is meant by ethical responsibility as a kind of social responsibility?

Ethical responsibility includes behaviour that society expects from a business enterprise but which is not codified in any law.
For example, respecting the religious sentiments and dignity of people while advertising for a product is an ethical responsibility.
There is an element of voluntary action in fulfilling ethical responsibility, distinguishing it from the compulsory nature of legal responsibility.

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Question 6

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What is discretionary responsibility? Give an example.

Discretionary responsibility refers to purely voluntary obligations that a business enterprise assumes on its own, not required by law or social expectations.
An example is providing charitable contributions to educational institutions or helping people affected by floods and earthquakes.
It is the highest and most voluntary level of social responsibility, reflecting the enterprise's genuine concern for social welfare.

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Question 7

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State the responsibility of a business enterprise towards its workers.

The enterprise must provide opportunities for meaningful work and create healthy working conditions so as to win the cooperation of workers.
It must respect the democratic rights of workers to form trade unions and ensure that workers receive a fair wage and fair treatment from management.
The management must safeguard the welfare of workers and avoid exploitative practices such as arbitrary hiring and firing.

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Question 8

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What are the responsibilities of a business towards its consumers?

The enterprise must supply the right quality and quantity of goods and services to consumers at reasonable prices.
It must guard against adulteration, poor quality, misleading and dishonest advertising, and lack of proper service and courtesy to customers.
Consumers must be given the right to information about the product, the company, and other matters relevant to their purchasing decision.

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Question 9

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What is the responsibility of a business towards shareholders?

A business must provide a fair return on the capital investment made by shareholders and ensure the safety of such investment.
In a company form of organisation, the enterprise must provide shareholders with regular, accurate, and full information about its working.
The enterprise must also keep shareholders informed about future growth plans and avoid speculative activities that may endanger their investment.

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Question 10

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Define environment as used in the context of environmental protection.

The environment is defined as the totality of man's surroundings — both natural and man-made.
Natural resources include land, water, air, fauna, flora, and raw materials, while man-made resources include cultural heritage and socio-economic institutions.
The quality of the environment is fast deteriorating, particularly due to industrial activity, making its protection a serious responsibility of business.

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Question 11

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What is environmental pollution? How is it mainly caused?

Environmental pollution is the injection of harmful substances into the environment beyond its natural assimilation capacity.
It is largely the result of industrial production, including business activities such as production, distribution, transport, storage, and consumption of goods and services.
Pollutants are materials or chemicals discarded during the process of production or consumption that alter the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of air, land, and water.

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Question 12

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Briefly explain air pollution and its effects.

Air pollution is the result of a combination of factors that lower air quality, mainly caused by carbon monoxide emitted by automobiles and smoke and chemicals from manufacturing plants.
It has created a hole in the ozone layer, leading to the dangerous warming of the earth commonly known as global warming.
Air pollution is among the eight environmental problems identified by the United Nations as causing significant damage to the natural environment.

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Question 13

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What is water pollution and what are its consequences?

Water pollution occurs primarily due to chemical and waste dumping by business enterprises into rivers, streams, and lakes.
For years, business enterprises have been dumping waste into water bodies with little regard for the consequences on aquatic and human life.
Water pollution has led to the death of several animal species and poses a serious threat to human life by contaminating drinking water sources.

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Chapter social-responsibilities-of-business-and-business-ethics: Social Responsibilities of Business and Business Ethics | Short Questions

What is social responsibility of business?

How is social responsibility different from legal responsibility?

State any three arguments in favour of social responsibility of business.

State any three arguments against social responsibility of business.

What is meant by ethical responsibility as a kind of social responsibility?

What is discretionary responsibility? Give an example.

State the responsibility of a business enterprise towards its workers.

What are the responsibilities of a business towards its consumers?

What is the responsibility of a business towards shareholders?

Define environment as used in the context of environmental protection.

What is environmental pollution? How is it mainly caused?

Briefly explain air pollution and its effects.

What is water pollution and what are its consequences?

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