Chapter 4: Agriculture Short Questions | geography Class 10 CBSE

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Chapter 4: Agriculture Short Questions | geography Class 10 CBSE | ByteNotes.in

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Question 1

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What is primitive subsistence farming and what tools are used in it?

Primitive subsistence farming is practised on small patches of land with the help of primitive tools like hoe, dao, and digging sticks.
It relies entirely on monsoon and natural soil fertility without the use of fertilisers or modern inputs.
It is a 'slash and burn' type of agriculture where farmers shift to new land once soil fertility decreases.

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Question 2

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What is Jhumming and in which states of India is it practised?

Jhumming is the local name for slash and burn agriculture practised in north-eastern India.
It is known as Jhumming in Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Nagaland.
In Manipur it is called Pamlou, and in Andaman and Nicobar Islands it is known as Dipa.

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Question 3

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Distinguish between rabi and kharif crops with two examples each.

Rabi crops are sown in winter (October–December) and harvested in summer (April–June); examples include wheat and gram.
Kharif crops are grown with the onset of the monsoon and harvested in September–October; examples include paddy and cotton.
Rabi crops depend on western temperate cyclones for winter precipitation, while kharif crops depend on the south-west monsoon.

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Question 4

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What is the Zaid season? Name any two crops grown in this season.

Zaid is a short cropping season that falls between the rabi and kharif seasons during the summer months.
Watermelon and muskmelon are important crops grown during the zaid season.
Cucumber, vegetables, and fodder crops are also commonly grown in this season.

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Question 5

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What are the geographical conditions required for the growth of rice in India?

Rice requires high temperature above 25°C and high humidity throughout the growing period.
It needs annual rainfall above 100 cm; in areas of less rainfall it is grown with the help of irrigation.
It is grown in plains, coastal areas, and deltaic regions, as well as in Punjab and Haryana through canal and tubewell irrigation.

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Question 6

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State the geographical conditions required for the cultivation of wheat.

Wheat requires a cool growing season and bright sunshine at the time of ripening.
It needs 50 to 75 cm of annual rainfall evenly distributed over the growing season.
The two important wheat-growing zones are the Ganga-Satluj plains in the north-west and the black soil region of the Deccan.

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Question 7

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Why are pulses considered important for soil health? Name any three major pulse-producing states.

Pulses are leguminous crops that fix atmospheric nitrogen into the soil, thereby restoring soil fertility when grown in rotation.
They require less moisture and can survive even in dry conditions, making them suitable for dryland farming.
Major pulse-producing states are Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Maharashtra.

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Question 8

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What are the characteristics of commercial farming in India?

Commercial farming is characterised by the use of higher doses of modern inputs like HYV seeds, chemical fertilisers, insecticides, and pesticides.
It aims at obtaining higher productivity for sale in the market rather than self-consumption.
The degree of commercialisation varies regionally — for example, rice is a commercial crop in Haryana and Punjab but a subsistence crop in Odisha.

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Question 9

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What is plantation agriculture? Give two examples of plantation crops grown in India.

Plantation agriculture is a type of commercial farming where a single crop is grown on a large area using capital-intensive inputs and migrant labour.
All produce from plantations is used as raw material in respective industries, and it requires a well-developed transport and communication network.
Tea in Assam and North Bengal, and coffee in Karnataka are important plantation crops grown in India.

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Question 10

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Why is ragi considered a nutritionally superior millet?

Ragi is very rich in iron, calcium, other micro nutrients, and roughage, making it nutritionally superior to many other grains.
It is a crop of dry regions and grows well on red, black, sandy, loamy, and shallow black soils.
Major ragi-producing states include Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Jharkhand, and Arunachal Pradesh.

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Chapter 4: Agriculture | Short Questions

What is primitive subsistence farming and what tools are used in it?

What is Jhumming and in which states of India is it practised?

Distinguish between rabi and kharif crops with two examples each.

What is the Zaid season? Name any two crops grown in this season.

What are the geographical conditions required for the growth of rice in India?

State the geographical conditions required for the cultivation of wheat.

Why are pulses considered important for soil health? Name any three major pulse-producing states.

What are the characteristics of commercial farming in India?

What is plantation agriculture? Give two examples of plantation crops grown in India.

Why is ragi considered a nutritionally superior millet?

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